priors.science/reviews/type-2-diabetes-management

Type 2 Diabetes Management

The current evidence on 50 claims, ordered from most established to most contested. Each score is the panel’s evidence certainty — how firmly the literature supports the claim as stated.

50claims tracked
395primary papers reviewed
10 Aug 2026latest evidence review
Weeklyre-scored against new papers
20 Established · 16 Likely · 12 Uncertain · 2 Doubtful  |  four-reviewer panel · PICO Framework
ClaimStandingEvidence certaintyCorpus
Empagliflozin cardiovascular mortalityCvroEstablished93%19
GLP-1 receptor agonist low hypoglycaemia vs sulphonylureasGlp1Established93%14
Tirzepatide vs semaglutide HbA1cTirzepatideEstablished93%14
Liraglutide major adverse cardiovascular events (LEADER)CvroEstablished92%20
SGLT2 inhibitor chronic kidney disease progression reductionSglt2Established92%9
Tirzepatide weight loss vs semaglutideTirzepatideEstablished92%12
Semaglutide major adverse cardiovascular events reduction (SUSTAIN-6)CvroEstablished91%16
Oral semaglutide efficacyGlp1Established91%20
Basal analogues vs NPH insulin nocturnal hypoglycaemiaInsulinEstablished91%17
Tirzepatide vs semaglutide 2.4 mg head-to-headTirzepatideEstablished91%14
Semaglutide vs exenatide head-to-headGlp1Established90%18
Tirzepatide add-on to basal insulinTirzepatideEstablished90%15
Semaglutide 2.4 mg vs 1 mg weightGlp1Established89%19
Tirzepatide normoglycaemia ratesTirzepatideEstablished88%14
Semaglutide kidney outcomes (FLOW)CvroEstablished87%19
Chronic kidney disease-driven SGLT2 inhibitor selectionFirst LineEstablished87%3
Fixed-ratio combinations insulin degludec/liraglutide and insulin glargine/lixisenatideInsulinEstablished87%12
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockade nephropathy protectionMicrovascularEstablished87%16
Continuous glucose monitoring reduces hypoglycaemia insulin type 2 diabetesCGMEstablished85%9
Fenofibrate retinopathy independent of lipidsMicrovascularEstablished85%8
GLP-1 receptor agonist add-on to basal insulinInsulinLong-standingLikely84%9
Weekly insulin icodec non-inferiorInsulinLikely83%9
Continuous glucose monitoring time in range basal insulinCGMLikely81%7
Intensive glycaemic control microvascularMicrovascularLong-standingLikely81%14
SGLT2 inhibitor albuminuria progressionMicrovascularLikely80%13
SGLT2 inhibitor diabetic ketoacidosis and genital infection riskSglt2Likely80%4
Semaglutide all-cause mortality (SOUL)CvroLikely78%19
Closed-loop artificial pancreas system in type 2 diabetesInsulinLikely77%7
Basal-plus vs basal-bolus stepwiseInsulinLong-standingLikely77%10
Blood pressure control <130/80 microvascularMicrovascularLong-standingLikely76%11
Real-time continuous glucose monitoring HbA1c intensive insulin type 2 diabetesCGMLikely75%12
SGLT2 inhibitor heart failure hospitalisationSglt2Likely75%7
Flash continuous glucose monitoring HbA1c multiple daily injections type 2 diabetesCGMLikely74%9
GLP-1 receptor agonist HbA1c reductionGlp1Likely73%19
Continuous glucose monitoring modest benefit non-insulin type 2 diabetesCGMLikely72%14
Intensive multifactorial risk reductionFirst LineLikely72%4
Cardiovascular risk-driven agent selectionFirst LineUncertain67%5
GLP-1 receptor agonist weight loss ≥5%Glp1Uncertain66%20
Bariatric surgery type 2 diabetes remission rateRemissionUncertain60%7
SGLT2 inhibitor glycaemic efficacySglt2Uncertain55%5
Metformin first-line glycaemic efficacyFirst LineUncertain50%2
Early combination vs sequential therapyFirst LineUncertain50%2
Sulphonylureas higher hypoglycaemia and weight gainFirst LineUncertain50%2
Very-low-calorie diet remissionRemissionUncertain50%2
Remission predictors short durationRemissionUncertain50%2
GLP-1 receptor agonist pharmacological remissionRemissionUncertain50%1
Canagliflozin renal outcomes (CREDENCE)Sglt2Uncertain50%5
Dapagliflozin chronic kidney disease outcomes (DAPA-CKD)Sglt2Uncertain50%5
GLP-1 receptor agonist class cardiovascular benefit generalisationCvroDoubtful48%16
Type 2 diabetes remission durability at 5 yearsRemissionDoubtful30%4
Track Type 2 Diabetes Management.
These claims are re-scored against new papers every week. Track this topic for the full review, including each claim’s challenge and the papers behind it.
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Standing — what the evidence certainty means
Established≥ 85%Strong, consistent evidence. Unlikely to change.
Likely70–84%Well supported, with some gaps or indirect evidence.
Uncertain50–69%Mixed or limited evidence. Genuinely open.
Doubtful30–49%Little support; the weight of evidence leans against it.
Refuted< 30%The evidence contradicts it — confidently false as stated.
Where the evidence sits in time
Long-standingMost of this evidence is older than the rest of this field.